Gyratory crushing machine



Nov. 1, 1938.

P. B. BROWN GYRATORY CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov. ll, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet1 l E www www, u

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GYRATORY CBUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1l, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 P. B.BROWN 2,135,324

Nov. 1, 1938. P, B, BROWN 2,135;324

GYRATORY CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1'1, 193e 5 sheets-.sheet 3Patented Nov. 1, 1938 .PATENT OFFICE GYRATOltY CRUSHING MACHINE PeterBoswell Brown, Sheeld, England Application November 11, 1936, Serial No.110,209 In Great Britain January 4, 1936 9 Claims.

This invention relates to gyratory crushing machines of the type inwhich a combined conical or conoidal crushing head and downwardly exytending hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate by a rotary eccentric device,about a spherical bearing and within a stationary companion concave,conical or conoidal crushing member arranged to overhang vthe crushinghead and form therewitha downwardly and outwardly flaring crushing zoneof decreasing cross sectional area in the downward direction and intowhich'material to be crushed is fed, the crushing head and companioncrushing member being provided respectively with a removable mantle anda removable liner of hard durable metal, as for instance, manganesesteel, and being relatively adjustable to one another, in a verticaldirection, by hand operated means to vary the cross sectional area ofthe crushing zone to suit different requirements, and automaticallymovable in a lateral or vertical direction, relatively to one another,against the action of spring controlling means, to permit of the releasefrom the crushing zone of material of too hard a nature to be crushed bythe available crushing pressure, between the crushing head andoverhanging companion crushing member. The latter member is commonlycalled a concave and, for brevity, it will hereinafter be so called.

The present invention has reference to various improvements in gyratorycrushing 'machines of the type referred to, having for theirobject toimprove the construction, Working, adjustment, durability and efficiencyof such machines.

In a gyratory crushing machine of the type referred to, constructedaccording to thepresent invention, the combined gyratory crushing headand hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate upon and about aspherical bearingcarried by the upper end of a vertical or substantially vertical shaftlocated within the crushing head and hollow shaft and the lower end ofwhich is mounted upon a spherical bearing carried by a normallystationary but vertically adjustable spindle carried by the Y lowerportion of the frame of the machine, the arrangement being such that theinner supporting shaft is free to gyrate with the crushing head andhollow shaft about its lower spherical bearing and thus be relieved oflateral stress, and can, with the crushing head and hollow shaft, beadjusted vertically in relation to the concave, to vary the crosssectional area of the crushing zone between the crushing head andconcave, when such variation is desired. The lower portion of thegyratory hollow shaft is made of cyof the hole in the block being suchas to suit crushing requirements. The eccentric blockis rotated bygearing located within the said gear box and actuated by a horizontaldriving shaft extending through a bearing or bearings in a horizontalsleeve extending through and fixed to one side of the frame of themachine. Means are provided for excluding dust from the gear box and thebearing surfaces therein.

A gyratory crushing machine embodying the invention can be constructedin various ways.

In the accompanying illustrative drawings, Fig. 1 shows in verticalsection and Fig. 2 in side elevation, with part of the right hand end ofFig. 1 removed, one construction of gyratory crushing machine embodyingthe present invention. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively sections on thelines III--III and IV--IV of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is an enenlarged view of adetail shown in Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a similar view to part of Fig. 1,showing a modled construction. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing, incentral vertical section, a further modification. Referring to theconstruction shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive in which the crushing headis made separate from and mounted upon the hollow gyratory shaft whichextends through it, the Y combined crushing head I and hollow shaft 2are mounted upon and supported by a spherical bearing consisting of aball 3 arranged between a concave seat da in the upper end of an innervertical shaft 4 and a concave seat in a ball socket 5 arranged withinthe closed end of the hollow shaft 2. The spherical bearing for thelower end of the inner supporting shaft 4 also consists of a ball 'Ifitting in a concave seat I8L in the said shaft and a concave seat 8 ina vertical supporting spindle 8 which is screw-threaded and extendsthrough a correspondingly screw-threaded bush 9 fix-ed in the bottom ofthe frame I0 of the machine. The lower end of the spindle 8 is adaptedto be rotated'by hand operated means, as for example ratchet mechanism Il as shown.

The crushing head I is fitted to cylindrical portions of the hollowshaft 2 of different diameters with an intervening annular shoulder 2against which a corresponding annular shoulder the upper end of thehollow shaft 2 and acting through a packing ring or sleeve I4, upon anupper tubular extension I2a of the mantle so that by screwing down thenut I3, the mantle will be securely flxed to the crushing head l. T'hehead I vmay be fixed to the shaft 2 by shrinking it thereon. The lowerface of the packing ring or sleeve I4 and the upper edge or face of thetubular extensions I2 of the mantle I2 are provided a liner I6 formed ofhard durable metal such as' manganese steel, and constituting theconcave. 'Ihe concave casing I6 forms part of a cap or cover having alower outer annular flange I6b seated upon the hanged upper end Illa ofthe frame I of the machine, and of an upwardly extending outwardlyflaring portion I6c forming an inverted conical receptacle, that may belined with hard durable metal |69, for directing ma# terial to becrushed, into the crushing zone A between the crushing head and concaveI6. To the upper end of the portion Iiic of the concave casing I6a maybe fixed a feed hopper Il of cylindrical or other shape. The concave I6can be fixed in position in the concave casing I6a in any known orconvenient manner, as by wedge devices I8 forced against its lower endby bolts I9 extending upward through the flange I6b of the concavecasing I6, and nuts 20 screwed upon their upper ends and bearing uponwashers 2I of `resilient material interposed between them and the saidflange. Rotation of the concave I6 within the concave casing IIa isprevented by any known or suitable means, as by forming the one withprojections I6e extending into corre-u sponding recesses ISf in theother. The mantle I2 upon the crushing head I may be of a plain conicalor conoidal shape, The concave I6 within the concave casing I6, may beof concaveor conoidal shape.

To enable the combined concave I6 and concave casing I6a to yield in alateral direction relatively to the combined crushing head I and mantleI2 when necessary to release uncrushable material from the crushing zoneA, the outer flange I61D of the concave casing I6a is, according to thearrangement shown in Fig.- 1, formed on its underside with an annulargroove I6g of truncated conical shape in cross section and held downupon a corresponding conical annular seat on the flanged upper end Illof the frame I0 of the machine by spring pressure, so that it can tiltupward about any part of the flanged top of the machine in known manner.According to the present invention, the flange Iiib is held clown ontheflanged top IIJa of the machine by an annular series of vertical bolts22 and upwardly extending coiled compression springs 23 (Figs. 1 and 2),the bolts 22 extending upward through the flanges IIla and IIb on theframe I0 and concave casing I6a respectively, and the springs 23 bearingupon the flange I6b and'surrounding the corresponding bolts 22, theupper end of each bolt being provided with a cap piece' 24 held againstthe top of the corresponding of anti-friction metal.

26 seated in a correspondingly shaped recess inv the underside of theflange Ib of the concave casing I6*i and held against the flange II)ELon the frame II) by nuts 2l screwed on the lower portion of the bolt 22that extends through the said flange Illa. The arrangement is such thatthe combined concave -casing IIa and concave I6 is normally h elddown/in/position foruse, by the springs 23 but in the event ofuncrushable material being present in any part of the crushing zone A,it can tilt upward upon an opposite portion of the flanged upper end I0of the frame,'

against the action of the springs 23, to release the uncrushablematerial from the said zone, after which it will be returned to itsproper position by the springs.

'Ihe lower cylindrical portion of the hollow gyratory shaft 2 extendsdownward into an inclined eccentrically arranged hole 28*L in acylindrical eccentric block 28, as hereinbefore mentioned, the interiorof the said shaft 2 being of conical shape to afford ample clearanceforthe inner vertical supporting shaft 4. The bearing 29 for theeccentric block 28 is connected by an annular external web 30 to anouter cylindrical wall 3I fixed within the upper portion of the gear box32. For this purposefthe wall 3I may be made externally of slightlytapering shape in a downward direction and the inner surface of the gearbox 32 be made of corresponding slightly tapered shape to suit, rotationof the wall 3I and `attached parts 30 and 29 of the bearing beingprevented by a vertical key 3| fixed to the wall 3| by screws 3lb andarranged within a vertical keyway 328L in the wall of the gear box 32.The hole in the eccentric block 28, and the bearing 29 for the saidblock, may be provided with linings 28b and 28c respectively, 'I'he gearbox 32 is cast integral with th frame I0 of the machine, and openingsare provided in the bottom of the frame through which the crushedmaterial can fall.

The lower end of the eccentric block 28 has fixed to it a horizontaltoothed bevel wheel 34 that is in gear with a vertical bevel wheel 35fixed to a horizontal driving shaft 36 mounted in bearings 36 within ahorizontal sleeve 31 that extends through a lateral tubular portion IIIbof the lframe I0of the machine. lThe sleeve 31 is pro- 'and is securedby screws 3'Ic to the outer end of the said tubularportion II'Ib of theframe in such manner that the inner end 3Id of the sleeve is heldfirmly4 against a seat surrounding anopening in one side of the frame I0through which the driving shaft 36v extends. The lower end of theeccentric block 28 is arranged to bear against an annular bearing 38carried by the bottom of the gear box 32 and formed, it may be ofAanti-friction metal. 38EL is a dowel pin to hold the bearing 38 inposition. The lower end of the eccentric block 28 is formed at thebottom of the inclined eccentrically arranged hole therein, with anaperture or chamber 39 to accommodate the lower end of the supportingshaft 4 and the ball bearing 'I between that shaft and the lowervertically adjustable spindle 8. The said chamber 39 also forms alubricant chamber into which lubricant can be forced through a supplypipe 39 from an oil circulating pump and thence flow into the lower endof the eccentrically arranged hole in the eccentric block 28. From thesaid hole the lubricant will flow upward between the hollowover the topof the said eccentric block and downward between the said block and itsbearing 29, and also over the bearing and descend through one or moreopenings 30 in the connecting web 30 between such bearing 29 and itsouter wall 3 I, into a chamber 40 that is outside and below the bearing,and containsl the toothed gearing 34, 35. From the chamber 40 it passesinto connected return pipes 4I, 4I, and afterpassing through a filter,is returnedto' the suctioninlet of the oil circulating pump for re-use.

For excluding dust from the gear box 32and bearing surfaces therein,there is interposed between the gear box and crushing head I and indust-tight connection witheach of these parts, a dust guard adapted topermit of the gyratory motion of the crushing head. For this purpose,

according to the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the dust guardcomprises a metal tube or sleeve 44 arranged to fit and slide verticallyagainst the upper portion of the inner wall of the cylindrical bearing29, the upper end of the said sleeve being provided with a packing'ring45 that is pressed into close contact with a spherical surface Ib on thelower side of the crushing head I by coiled springs 46. For thispurpose, the springs 46 are arranged between the inner and outer walls29 and 3| of the eccentric block bearing and act against the lower endof the sleeve 44 which, for this purpose, is made of channel section, asshown, and arranged to slide between and against the two walls. Also,there is arranged around the outer wall 3l of the eccentric blockbearing and the sleeve 44, a metal tube or sleeve 41 the lowerv end ofwhich is flanged and secured in a dusttight manner, as by screws 41a, tothe top of the gear box 32. The upper portion of the s aid sleeve 41 isof conical shape and surrounds the upper portion of the sleeve 44 andmeans are provided for effecting a dust tight closure between the twosleeves. Such dust tight closing means comprises floating split packingrings, three of which are shown at 48, 48a and 48h, in Figs. 1 and 5,and of which the upper and lower ones 48 and 48b are sprung on'` to thesleeve 44 and the intermediate one is sprung into the sleeve 41. The

three rings are confined within an annular recess 41EL in the sleeve 41,by a ring 48c fixed to the said sleeve by screws 48d. The sphericalsurface Ib on the crushing head I has its centre of curvature coincidentwith the centre of the ball bearing 3 for the hollow shaft andl crushinghead. y

tubular extension I!a that is secured to one side of a casing 5I fixedto an annular ange 52 von the aforesaid sleeve 31 for the driving shaft36 of the machine. The saidcasing 5I surrounds the said shaft and isprovided at its opposite side with a.A removable cover plate 5I. 'I'hepump shaft, which is horizontal, extends through the tubular extension50of the pump casing, which forms a bearing for it, and into the saidcasing 5I and has fixed to ita toothed wheel 54 that is in gear with atoothed wheel or pinion 55 fixed to the said driving shaft 36. Thecasing 5I with gearingr may, as shown in Fig. 1, advantageously belocated within a driving pulley 66 fixed to the said drivingshaft 36 andopen at one side, the pump 50 being arranged outside the pulley.Lubricant is lsupplied through a pipe 51 (Fig. 2) to the pump 50 and isVdelivered therefrom to an outlet pipe 58 and thence through a branchpipe 56 to the sleeve 31 and bearings 36a for the shaft 36, and

also through another ybranch pipe 58b to the pipe 39a connected to thelchamber 39 in the lower end of the eccentric block 28. 'Ihe usedlubricant is, as heretofore stated, led back from the chamber 40 andthepipes 4I and 4Ia to an oil filtering apparatus from which it is againSupplied through 'the aforesaid inlet pipe 51 to the pump 50 for reuse.VLubricant that passes along the driving shaft 36 and through thebearings 36a therefor.

escapes in part into the aforesaid chamber 40 and in part into thecasing 5I and thence through ay pipe 59 into the return pipe 4 le.Lubricant can be supplied to the aforesaid upper ball bearing 3 for thecombined crushing head I and gyratory hollow shaft 2 by a grease tube 60or like lubricating device, for instance an ordinary Stauffer' lateraldirection as hereinbefore described, for

releasing uncrushable material from the crushing zone, the crushing headI with hollow gyratory shaft 2, maybe mounted to yield in a verticaldirection for a like purpose. In one arrangement for this purpose,`shown in Fig. 6, thev crushing head I is provided with an upper tubularextension Ic that is arranged to slide vertically along a spindle 6Ibearing upon the upper ball bearing 3 carried by the inner supportingshaft 4. To it is screwed an upwardly extending box 62 provided at itsupper end with a screw-threaded cap 63 between which and a lower plate64bearing on the top of the spindle 59 is interposed a strong coiledspring 65, or, it may be, a nest of springs. The arrangement is suchthat normally the combined crushing head I and hollow gyratory shaft 2are supported upon the upper ball bearing 3 in normal working position,by the spindle 6I, lower bearing plate 64 thereon, the spring 65, thespring box 62 and its cap 63, but the crushing head and its shaft can,when necessary, slide downwards along the spindle 6I against the actionof the said spring, to release uncrushable material from the crushinglzone A,

after which the spring will return the crushing l head with its shaft toits normal working position. In this arrangement, the mantle I 2 isfixed to the crushing head by screwing the spring box 62 downward on theupper extension Ic of the crushing head I. A sleeve 62a may, as shown,be arranged between the mantle I2 and spring box 62. The lower faceofthe sleeve 62a and the upper face or end of the tubular extension |22-of the mantle I2 is asin the arrangement shown in Fig. l provided with aseries of co-acting inclined surfaces to form a self-tightening deviceshould the mantle turn relatively to the head.

In this modified construction of the crushing machine, the llower outerflange I6b of the concave casing I6a is held in position above theflanged upper end I lla of the frame I0 of the machine by bolts 66passing through the adjacent flanges l?i and I6b and nuts 61. Also, thehollow gyratory shaft 2 is made integrally with the crushing head anddoes not extend upwardly therethrough. Instead of making the cover` 63of channel shape at its underside, as shown in Fig. 6, to accommodatethe upper end of the spring 65, it may be made of the shape shown inFig. 7 in which'it is provided at its underside with an annular shoulder63h against which the upper end of the spring 65 bears.

In other respects, the other portions of the modified construction ofthe crushing machine are or may be similar to those of the constructionof crushing machine herein described with reference to Figs.` l toinclusive.

What I claim is:-

1. In a gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head, a hollowgyratory shaft connected to and depending from said crushing head, aconcave arranged to form a downwardly and outwardly flaring crushingzone with said crushing head, a supporting shaft located within saidcrushing headand'hollow shaft, a spherical bearn ing at or near to thecentre of gyration carried by the upper end of said supporting shaft andupon which said crushing head and hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate, alower spherical bearing carried by the lower portion of the frame of themachine and upon which the lower end of said supporting shaft ismounted, and means for gyrating said crushing head and hollow shaft.

2. In a'gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head, a hollowgyratory shaft connected to and depending from said crushing head, aconcave arranged to form a downwardly and outwardly flaring crushingzone with said crushing head, a supporting shaft located within saidcrushing head and hollow shaft, a sperical bearing at or near to thecentre of gyration carried by the upper end of said supporting shaft andupon which said crushing head and hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate, alower spherical bearing carried by the lower portion of the frame of themachine and upon which the lower end of said supporting shaft ismounted, a vertically adjustable support for said lower sphericalbearing, and means for gyrating said crushing head and hollow shaft. Y

' 3. A gyratory crushing machine comprising a gyratory crushing head, ahollow gyratory shaft connected to and depending from said crushing'head, a concave overhanging said crushing head and forming therewith adownwardly and outwardly flaring crushing zone, a supporting shaftwithin said crushing head and hollow shaft, a spherical bearing at ornear to the centre of gyration at the upper end of said supporting shaftupon and about which said crushing head and hollow shaft can gyrate, asecond sperical bearing upon which the lower end of said supportingshaft is mounted so that said supporting shaft is free to gyrate withsaid crushing head and hollow shaft, a rotary eccentric device forgyratlng said crushing head and hollow shaft about said upper sphericalbearing and a. stationary cylindrical bearing for said eccentric device.

4. A gyratory crushing machine comprising a gyratory crushing head, ahollow gyratory shaft connected to and depending from said crushinghead, a concave overhanging said crushing head and forming therewith adownwardly and outwardly flaring crushing zone, a supporting shaftwithin said crushing head and hollow shaft, a spherical bearing 'at ornear to the centre of gyration at the upper end of said supporting shaftupon and about which said crushing head and hollow shaft can gyrate, asecond spherical cant can flow upward between said hollow shaft androtary eccentric devicev and over the top of said bearing.

5. In a gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head having anupwardly extending tubular extension, a hollow;r shaft connected to anddepending from said crushing head, a nonrotatable concave overhangingsaid crushing head and arranged to form therewith a downwardly extendingoutwardly flaring crushing zone, a concave casing seated upon astationary part of the machine and to which said concave is xed, asupporting shaft located within said crushing head and hollow shaft, anupper spherical bearing at or near to the centre of gyration carried bythe upper end of said supporting shaft and about the centre of whichsaid crushing head and hollow shaft can gyrate, a lower spherical bear-.ing for said supporting shaft, vmeans for gyrating said crushing headand hollow shaft, a vertical spindle 'carried by said upper bearing andalong which the tubular extension of said crushing head can slide, anabutment device carried by the upper end of said spindle, one or morecompression springs carried by said abutment device and a, spring boxsecured to the tubular extension of the crushing head andsupported atits upper end by said spring or springs.

6. A gyratory crushing machine according to claim 5, wherein a mantle ofhard durable metal is seated on the crushing head and the spring box isscrewed to the tubular extension ofsaid head and a ring arranged betweensaid mantle and spring box and which is forced downward against saidmantle by screwing said spring box downward on the tubular extension ofsaid crushing head.

7. In a gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head, a hollowshaft connected to and depending from said crushing head, a concavearranged to form with said crushing head a downwardly and outwardlyflaring crushing zone, a supporting shaft located within said crushinghead and hollow shaft, a vertically adjustablesaid shaft and upon whichsaid crushing head and hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate, a ballbearing located between the lower end of said supporting shaft and saidspifdle, an eccentric into which said hollow shaft extends and which isadapted to impart a gyratory motion to said shaft and crushing head anda stationary bearw ing for said eccentric.

8. In a gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head, a hollowshaft connected to and depending from said crushing head, a concavearranged to form with said crushing head a downwardly and outwardlyflaring crushing zone, a supporting shaft located within said crushing'head and hollow shaft, a vertically adjustable spindle carried by thelower portion of the frame of the machine, a ball bearing at or near tothe centre of gyration carried by the upper end of said shaft and uponwhich said crushing head and hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate, a ballbearing located between the lower end of said supporting shaft and saidspindle, an eccentric into which said hollow shaft extends and which isadapted to impart a gyratory motion to said hollow shaft and crushinghead, a stationary bearing for said eccentric, means for admittinglubricant to the working surfaces of the lower ball bearing andeccentric and means.for excluding dust from said Working surfaces.

9. In a gyratory crushing machine, a gyratory crushing head, a hollowshaft connected to and depending from said crushing head, a concavearranged to form with said crushing head a downwardly and outwardlyflaring crushing zone, a supporting shaft located within said crushinghead and hollow shaft, a vertically adjustable spindle carried by thelower portion of the frame of the machine, a ball bearing at or neartothe centre of gyration carried by the upper end of said shaft and uponwhich said crushing head and hollow shaft are mounted to gyrate, a ballbearing located between the lower end of said supporting shaft and saidspindle, an eccentric into which said hollow shaft extends and which isadapted to impart a gyratory motion to said shaft and crushing head, anda stationary bearing for said eccentric, said eccentric being arrangedto bear in a light tight manner u'pon the bottom of the said frame andto form therewith and said spindle, a chamber in which the lower. ballbearing is located, which is in communication with the working surfacesof the hollow shaft and eccentric and which has an inlet for lubricant.

PETER BOSWELL BROWN.

